Isle of Albion: Timeline of Medieval Britain

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History of Albion

Timeline of Albion

Hundred Years War timeline event

War of the Roses timeline event

Medieval Albion

1295AD

Edward I summons his 'Model Parliament', including knights and burgesses from English shires and towns. It is regarded as the first representative parliament.

1297AD

William Wallace defeats the English army at the Battle of Cambuskenneth.

1298AD

Edward I defeats William Wallace at the battle of Falkirk and reconquers Scotland.

1301AD

Edward I England invests his baby son Edward as Prince of Wales.

1305AD

William Wallace is captured and executed.

1306AD

New Scottish rebellion against English rule led by Robert Bruce. He is crowned 'Robert I - the Bruce' at Scone.

1307AD

Edward I dies on during a norhtwards march against Robert Bruce and is succeeded by his son Edward II.

1307AD

The Knights Templar are rounded up and murdered by King Philip of France.

1310AD

English barons appoint 21 peers - the Lords Ordainers - to manage Edward II's household.

1312AD

Order of the Knights Templar abolished.

1314AD

Robert the Bruce defeats Edward II at Bannockburn. His 20,000-strong relief force is heavily defeated by a Scottish force half its size, ensuring Scotland's survivavl as an independent nation.

1315-1322AD

Millions die in the Great Famine of Europe. Cannibalism widely reported from Poland to Ireland. Bread queues in London lead to many being trampled to death.

1326AD

Isabella invades England and overthrows her husband, Edward II.

1327AD

Edward II is murdered and Isabella's son, Edward III, becomes king at the age of 14.

1330AD

Edward seizes control, executing Isabella's lover, Mortimer, and forcing Isabella to retire. He rules for the next 50 years.

1337AD

Philip VI confiscates Gascony, leading Edward III to declare himself the rightful heir to the French throne. The hundred years war begins.

1340AD

English defeat a French fleet at near Flanders, ensuring the ensuing war is fought on French soil.

1346AD

English defeat the French at the Battle of Crécy.

1347AD

The Black Death rages across Europe for the first time. An estimated 20%-40% of the population dies within the first year.

1347AD

The English capture Calais.

1348AD

The Black Death reaches England. Between 30% and 45% of the population is wiped out.

1356AD

Edward the 'Black Prince' defeats and captures John II, King of France.

1377AD

Edward III dies and is succeeded by Richard II.

1381AD

Wat Tyler's Peasants' Revolt in England.

1387AD

Geoffrey Chaucer starts writing the Canterbury Tales.

1400AD

Owain Glyndwr leads a Welsh revolt against the English.

1409AD

The Welsh revolt is broken, and Owain Glyndwr turns to guerrilla warfare.

1415AD

Henry V defeats the French at the battle of Agincourt.

1416AD

Owain Glyndwr dies.

1420AD

Under the Treaty of Troyes, Charles VI cedes France to Henry V. Henry V was to become regent of France and marry Charles's daughter Catherine. Their heir (Henry VI) would become joint ruler of England and France. At the same time, England allied with Burgundy.

1422AD

Henry V dies suddenly, leaving his son Henry - who was less than a year old - king of England and France under the terms of the Treaty of Troyes.

1435AD

Treaty of Arras breaks the alliance between Burgundy and England.

1437AD

Henry VI assumes power as king of England. Henry’s court becomes divided through neglect. English possessions in France shrank and the king loses prestige and authority.

1450AD

Jack Cade leads a rebellion against war taxation.

1453AD

The French defeat the English at the Battle of Castillon. With the English driven out of Bordeaux, their territories in France are reduced to the town of Calais. A fortnight later, Henry VI suffers his first mental breakdown. The Hundred years war is effectively over.

1455AD

Due to his bouts of insanity, many now believed that Henry VI was incabable of governing the country. Richard, Duke of York, had been appointed Lord Protector, but was driven out by Henry's wife, Margaret. Richard marched on London and defeated Henry's allies (the Lancastrians) at St Albans, this beginning the War of the Roses.

1461AD

The Lancastrians are defeated at Towton and Edward IV is proclaimed king.

1470AD

Henry VI is briefly restored to the throne.

1471AD

The Yorkists defeat the Lancastrians and kill Edward, Prince of Wales. Henry VI himself survives but is murdered in the Tower of London. Edward IV once again becomes king of England.

1477AD

William Caxton publishes the first printed book in England.

1483AD

Edward IV dies and is succeeded by his 12-year-old son, Edward V.

1483AD

After having his nepheew Edward V declared llegitimate, Richard III declares himself king. Edward and his brother - 'the princes in the tower' - are never seen alive again.

1485AD

The Lancastrians raise an army in Wales under the banner of Henry Tudor. They meet the armies of York for the final time at the Battle of Bosworth. Richard III is killed, and a year later, Henry marries Elizabeth of York. The two houses are united, and the War of the Roses draws to a close.