William subdues the north of England. An early "scorched earth" strategy is employed, with land being laid waste, leading to widespread famine. In the same year, the Normans begin their push into Wales, securing their advance with a sequence of motte and bailey castles. At Chepstow - the gateway to Wales - construction begins on a stone castle.

The Bayeux Tapestry is completed, depicting the Norman view of events surrounding the Battle of Hastings.

The Domesday Book is commissioned, surveying propery ownership throughout England, for the purpose of determining the extent of crown holdings, levying taxes, and holding an account for the settling of disputes.

The Domesday Book is completed. Landholders gather to swear fealty to William at Salisbury.

William dies whilst in Normandy. His second son (William Rufus) inherits the crown of England, while his eldest son (Robert) inherits the lands of Normandy.

Malcolm III, King of Scotland, invades England. He campaigns as far south as Durham, causing great devastation. King William II musters his troops, causing Malcolm to withdraw.

Henry I defeats his brother Robert, Duke of Normandy, bringing Normandy under the control of the English crown.

Henry I invades Wales, forcing the capitualtion of Gwynedd and Powys.

Hugues de Payens founds the Kinghts Templar.

Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Henry of Anjou, allying Aquitaine with his lands of Anjou and Normandy.

Henry of Anjou invades England, forcing Stephen to make him heir to the throne.

Henry of Anjou is crowned king. He also rules more than half of France.

Thomas Becket is made chancellor.

Thomas Becket becomes Archbishop of Canterbury.

Thomas Becket is murdered by four knights acting upon King Henry's ill-judged words.

Henry visits Ireland, to assert his sovereignty over its kings.

Richard I, Coeur de Lion ("Lionheart") becomes king of England.

Richard is struck by a crossbow bolt while suppressing a revolt in France. The bolt was shot by a child, who is forgiven in an act of final mercy by the king, and sent away with a hundred shillings. Richard dies after the wound becomes gangrenous.

John Lackland becomes King of England.

English barons force John to sign the Magna Carta, enshrining the principle that the king's will could be bound subject to law.

The Treaty of York decides the border between England and Scotland, which remains unchanged to the present day.

Henry III begins to rebuild Westminster Abbey in the Gothic style.

Llywelyn ap Gruffydd drives the English from most of Wales.

Henry III acknowledges Llywelyn as Prince of Wales.

Edward I kills Prince Llewellyn, completing his conquest of Wales.

Edward I passes an edict expelling all Jews from England.